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AIM: To evaluate the accuracy of SRK/T, Haigis, Barrett Universal II and Wang-Koch modified SRK/T formula in the operation of cataract complicated by super-high myopia.METHODS: A total of 44 cases(52 eyes)with super-high myopia complicated with cataract who underwent phacoemulsification with tension ring implantation combined with intraocular lens implantation in our hospital from January 2020 to June 2021 were collected. SRK/T, Haigis, Barrett Universal Ⅱ formula and Wang-Koch modified SRK/T formula were used to calculate the postoperative reserved diopter before surgery, and the actual diopter was measured by comprehensive optometry at 3mo after surgery. The mean absolute refractive error(MAE)of four formulas was obtained to evaluate the accuracy of the calculation formula.RESULTS: The MAE of SRK/T formula, Haigis formula, Barrett Universal Ⅱ formula and Wang-Koch modified SRK/T formula were 0.86(0.56, 1.20), 0.79(0.56, 1.16), 0.68(0.30, 0.87), 0.65(0.43, 0.75)D, respectively, and MAE of SRK/T formula and Haigis formula were significantly higher than those of Barrett Universal Ⅱ formula and Wang-Koch modified SRK/T formula(P<0.01). According to preoperative corneal curvature(K), enrolled patients were divided into K >46D group(12 eyes), 44D< K ≤46D group(24 eyes), and K ≤44D group(16 eyes). The MAE of SRK/T formula and Haigis formula were significantly higher than those of Barrett Universal Ⅱ formula and Wang-Koch modified SRK/T formula in the three groups(P<0.01). According to preoperative axial length(AL), patients were divided into AL ≤30 mm group(24 eyes)and AL >30mm group(28 eyes). The MAE of SRK/T formula and Haigis formula in two groups were significantly higher than those of Barrett Universal Ⅱ formula and Wang-Koch modified SRK/T formula(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Wang-Koch modified SRK/T formula and Barrett Universal Ⅱ formula are more accurate in predicting the degree of intraocular lens in patients with super-high myopia complicated with cataract.
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Objective:Chemotherapy is the main treatment for lung cancer. However, chemotherapy-related toxicity has a high incidence, which brings adverse experiences to patients and seriously affects treatment plans and quality of life. Low skeletal muscle mass (SMM), malnutrition, and cachexia are related to a higher incidence of chemotherapy toxicity in cancer patients. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between baseline body composition, nutritional status, cachexia, and lung cancer chemotherapy toxicity and dose-limiting toxicity (DLT).Methods:This is a single-center prospective study of lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy for the first time. Body composition was measured using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance, and the skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated. Grip strength and gait speed were used to assess muscle strength and function. The Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (2019) criteria were used to evaluate the presence of sarcopenia. Cachexia was defined based on muscle mass and weight loss, while nutritional risk and malnutrition were evaluated based on the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 and Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria, respectively. Chemotherapy toxicity and DLT were defined according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events and were divided into hematological, non-hematological, and DLT. The association between muscle condition, nutritional status, cachexia, and toxicity was evaluated by univariate and multivariate regression models.Results:The study included and analyzed 126 patients, with a median follow-up of 17.9 months (12-25 months). During chemotherapy, 27.8% of patients experienced grade 3/4 hematological toxicity, 14.8% experienced any ≥2 grade non-hematological toxicity, and 26.1% had any DLT. Old age and multiple comorbidities were risk factors for hematological, non-hematological toxicity, and DLT. Insufficient muscle strength and function could increase the incidence of hematological toxicity [ OR 1.121, 95% CI 1.048~2.865, P=0.031], and high SMI was a protective factor for DLT [ OR 0.638, 95% CI 0.242~0.083, P=0.021]. Conclusions:Lung patients with low SMI, low muscle strength and function have an increased risk of DLT and grade 3/4 hematological toxicity during chemotherapy. At the same time, elderly age and multiple comorbidities are also risk factors for chemotherapy toxicity and DLT. In clinical work, assessments should be conducted to identify high-risk populations for chemotherapy toxicity and preventive measures should be taken. Future research could consider adjusting chemotherapy plans based on different muscle statuses.
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Objective:To establish the Chinese version of (strength, assistance with walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs and falls, SARC-F) scale using the standardized methods and to validate the reliability and validity for sarcopenia screening among elderly population.Methods:Following the recommended procedure by World Health Organization and European Union Geriatric Medicine Society Sarcopenia Special Interest Group, the translation process included forward translation, expert panel, back-translation, pre-testing and cognitive interviewing to generate the final version. In the pilot study, the test-retest reliability, inter-rater reliability, and internal consistency of the Chinese version of SARC-F scale were assessed. In the diagnostic test for clinical validation, the participants were consecutively recruited from communities and hospitals in Beijing and Tianjin between December 2021 and October 2022. The scale administration, anthropometry, and body composition measurement were conducted by trained investigators. Participants with the SARC-F score ≥ 4 were considered at risk of sarcopenia. Diagnostic tests and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were performed against the definitions of sarcopenia according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) and Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS2019), and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and the area under curve were displayed.Results:The Chinese version of SARC-F scale was approved by the author that the translation has expressed the original meaning correctly. The Chinese version of SARC-F had good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.914), inter-rater reliability ( r = 0.726), and internal consistency ( α = 0.729). There were altogether 1 882 participants included in the clinical validation. According to the diagnostic criteria of EWGSOP2 and AWGS2019, the Chinese version of SARC-F scale had low sensitivity (13.6% and 16.0%) and positive predictive value (44.6% and 35.4%), high specificity (95.1% and 94.7%) and negative predictive value (79.0% and 86.2%), and moderate AUC of 0.619 and 0.616 (all P < 0.001) for sarcopenia screening. Conclusions:The Chinese version of SARC-F scale was of good reliability and validity. The application of SARC-F in the primary healthcare settings would contribute to the early diagnosis of sarcopenia.
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Reasonable nutrition management is important in the long-term care of cancer survivors. It can contribute to reducing the risk of metabolic complications, improving patients' understanding, beliefs, and behavior as regards healthy lifestyles, promoting lifestyle and dietary changes, and positively impacting disease treatment and long-term prognosis. To improve the long-term management of Chinese cancer survivors, reduce medical costs, and maximize clinical benefits and patient outcomes, the Cancer Nutrition Branch of the Chinese Nutrition Society has developed this consensus based on the current cancer patient management and nutritional therapy in China, evidence-based medicine from domestic and foreign publications, as well as expert opinions and experiences in clinical and nutritional fields. Following the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine (OCEBM) grading system, this consensus provides recommendations for nutritional risk screening, assessment (diagnosis), enteral and parenteral nutrition support, and medical nutrition therapy for cancer survivors, aiming to inform and support the standardized nutritional management of cancer survivors.
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Elderly inpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are often at nutritional risk and at higher risk of critical disease. The standardized nutrition treatment could effectively improve the nutritional status, quality of life, and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients, and is an important component of the comprehensive management of COVID-19. The individualized nutrition diagnosis, treatment and monitoring should be conducted in compliance to standard procedures of medical nutrition therapy, with consideration of the clinical characteristics of elderly COVID-19 inpatients. The Department of Clinical Nutrition at Peking Union Medical College Hospital has integrated the latest clinical nutrition guidelines and clinical practice of nutrition support of COVID-19, with the aim to provide evidence-based, concise and practical recommendations on nutritional management for elderly inpatients with COVID-19. The recommendations here are to inform effective and standardized nutrition support practice.
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Object:To explore the role of personalized nutritional intervention based on nutritional assessment in long-term continuous nursing of elderly postoperative colorectal cancer patients.Methods:Elderly patients with colorectal cancer who received radical surgery in a tertiary hospital in Beijing were screened from January 2021 to January 2022 and a total of 100 patients at nutritional risk (defined as with a Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 [NRS 2002] score ≥ 3) were included in the study. Patients were stratified by age and then divided into control and intervention groups with 50 cases in each. The control group received regular health guidance and follow-up visits at postoperative outpatient clinics while the intervention group received personalized nutritional intervention based on nutritional assessment additionally. The intervention period was 12 months. Nutritional indicators including body mass index (BMI), upper arm circumference, grip strength and hemoglobin, as well as albumin and quality of life (QoL), are compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed significantly better results of BMI [(18.46±0.53) vs (16.9±0.77)], upper arm circumference [(25.09±1.41)cm vs (23.49±1.45)cm], grip strength [(28.34±8.00)kg vs (23.97±7.19)kg], HGB [(135.10±9.27)g/L vs (106.40±8.73)g/L] and ALB [(41.62±3.41)g/L vs (28.62±2.38)g/L, all P < 0.01]. The intervention group also had significantly higher scores in physical [(20.96±2.03) vs (15.66±0.82)], emotional [(21.48±1.64) vs (15.76±1.00)], social [(23.44±1.67) vs (15.96±0.99)], and functional [(20.74±1.74) vs (5.46±0.97)] domains of QoL (all P<0.01). Conclusion:In elderly patients with colorectal cancer after radical resection, personalized nutritional intervention based on nutritional assessment can effectively control nutritional indicators, help reduce the incidence of malnutrition, improve postoperative quality of life, and inform the establishment of standardized process in nutrition management.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation on muscle mass and strength improvement through systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods:Electronic databases, namely Cochrane Library database, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang were searched for publications in English and Chinese from database establishment to June 20, 2022. All randomized controlled trials involving any n-3 fatty acid (fish oil capsules, pure fish oil and oral nutritional supplements) interventions for more than 4 weeks among adults aged ≥ 18 years were included in the analysis. The effects of n-3 PUFA on muscle mass and strength were compared with controls using RevMan 5.4. The mean differences (MDs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated and pooled effects were assessed. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.Results:27 trials were included, with both healthy adults and patients with various types of cancer, with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and on hemodialysis due to chronic renal failure. Most trials were judged as "low" to "high" risk of bias. The meta-analysis showed that n-3 PUFA supplementation significantly improved the lean body mass in the group without physical activity intervention compared to the control group, while showing no significant increase in muscle mass or handgrip strength in overall participants. There was no significant difference between intervention and control groups in subgroup analyses based on health/disease condition, intervention duration, route of administration and dosage and risk of bias. However, significant increases in mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) and lower body strength (MD = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.26 to 1.34, P = 0.005; SMD = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.69, P = 0.0002) were observed in n-3 PUFA supplement group. Conclusions:This meta-analysis indicates that n-3 PUFA supplementation does not improve muscle mass or handgrip strength in healthy adults as well as patients, but do improve MAMC and lower body strength. The limited sample size and prominent heterogeneity of the included studies impede the extrapolation to clinical practice and warrants individual analysis based on population characteristics. Well-designed large-scale RCTs are required to verify these findings.
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Objective:To explore the correlation between dietary fiber intake and intestinal barrier function in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D).Methods:IBS-D patients were recruited from May 2019 to October 2019 at the clinic of gastroenterology department in China-Japan Friendship Hospital and healthy controls (HCs) were recruited by advertisement. Clinical manifestations, psychological status and quality of life were assessed using standardized questionnaires. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary habits in the preceding year. Serum diamine oxidase (DAO) was measured via ELISA.Results:64 IBS-D patients and 35 HCs were enrolled, with no significant difference in sex ratio, age and BMI between the two groups. Second to health concern, food avoidance was the dominant impacting factor for quality of life in IBS-D patients. The intake frequency of dietary fiber was decreased in IBS-D patients, and the intake frequencies of dietary fiber-rich foods were significantly lower in IBS-D patients ( P < 0.01 for tubers, P = 0.002 for vegetables, P = 0.019 for fruits and P = 0.045 for legumes). On the other hand, the intake frequencies of processed meat ( P < 0.01), greasy food ( P = 0.009), barbecued food ( P = 0.002) and animal offal ( P = 0.003) were significantly higher in IBS-D patients compared with HCs, indicating the increased intake frequency of fat. Multivariate logistic regression showed that tubers might reduce the risk of IBS-D ( OR = 0.409,95% CI: 0.232 to 0.722, P = 0.002). The frequency of abdominal pain was positively associated with the intake frequency of greasy food in IBS-D patients. Serum DAO was measured in 37 IBS-D patients and 27 HCs. IBS-D patients had significantly higher serum DAO than HCs ( 77.0 [55.3, 100.6] μg/L vs 42.5 [28.0, 58.2] μg/L, P < 0.01). Among all the participants with serum DAO test results, the level of DAO was negatively associated with the intake frequencies of tubers, vegetables and fruits while positively associated with the intake frequencies of processed meat and barbecued food. Conclusions:Food avoidance was an important impacting factor for quality of life in IBS-D patients. IBS-D patients might have insufficient dietary fiber intake and excessive fat intake. Tubers could possibly reduce the risk of IBS-D. The decreased intake frequency of dietary fiber might have a role in intestinal barrier dysfunction in IBS-D patients.
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Objective:To evaluate the potential effects of serum lipid levels, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) and body mass index (BMI), together with its dynamic changes, on tumor progression in renal clear cell carcinoma patients, so as to inform body weight management.Methods:This prospective cohort study included a total of 100 patients with high-risk clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Serum lipid levels were detected, ASMI and BMI were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis and the dynamic changes of BMI were tracked. The effects of BMI, ASMI and serum lipid levels on tumor progression within 2 years were explored.Results:Patients with normal BMI and low ASMI had 5.248 (95% CI: 1.946 to 14.153, P = 0.001) times higher risk of tumor progression than those who were overweight or obese. For every 0.1-unit increase in pre-operative HDL-C, the risk of tumor progression decreased by 0.771 (95% CI: 0.631 to 0.942, P = 0.011) times. Patients who experienced more than 5% decrease in BMI compared with baseline had 5.165 (95% CI: 1.735 to 15.370, P = 0.003) times the progression risk of patients whose BMI changed within ±5% from baseline. Conclusions:The advantage of obese clear cell carcinoma patients over normal-weight patients in tumor progression-free survival may be influenced by ASMI, pre-onset involuntary weight loss and lipid levels. Therefore, patient weight management should not merely focus on absolute BMI but tailor to individual characteristics, including cancer stage, body composition and metabolic status.
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Objective:To investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia (SAR) in hospitalized patients with lung malignant tumor and to identify the risk factors, so as to inform the nutritional management of lung malignant tumor patients.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. Adult patients admitted into the lung cancer ward of a Class A tertiary hospital in Beijing from December 2021 to March 2022 were screened for enrollment. Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) 2002 was applied for eligible patients within 24 hours of admission. Medical history was obtained via questionnaire survey, laboratory test results prior to any intervention were extracted from Hospital Information System and muscle mass was measured using bio-impedance analysis. SAR was diagnosed according to the recommendation from Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in 2019.Results:Among the enrolled 126 hospitalized patients with lung cancer, the prevalence of SAR was 19.8% (25/126). The prevalence was 19.6% in males and 21.4% in females, with no significant difference. Patients aged 65 years or above showed significantly higher SAR prevalence of 27.4% than those who were young or middle-aged (9.4%, P = 0.013). Older age (OR = 4.43, P = 0.048), lower BMI (OR = 0.644, P = 0.001), lower serum creatinine (OR = 0.931, P = 0.008), comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, OR = 13.748, P = 0.007) and comorbidity of coronary artery disease (OR = 13.748, P = 0.007) were risk factors for SAR in lung cancer patients. SAR risk was significantly increased in patients ≥ 65 years old and in those with COPD or coronary artery disease. Conclusions:Lung cancer patients showed high prevalence of SAR. For hospitalized patients with lung cancer, especially the elderly, a moderate BMI level and good management of comorbidities including COPD and coronary artery disease may help delay SAR development.
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Knee joint distraction is a new technology for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis in recent years. It could reduce knee pain and improve knee function, which is inseparable from the role of cartilage repair. The mechanism and influencing factors of knee joint distraction in repairing cartilage are the focus of current research. In this paper, the author reviewed literature and found that knee joint distraction could reduce knee joint load and provide a appropriate mechanical environment for cartilage repair, and it is resulting hydrostatic pressure fluctuation in the knee joint not only helps cartilage to absorb nutrients, but also promotes cartilage formation genes and inhibits cartilage matrix degrading enzyme gene expression. In addition, knee joint distraction creates conditions for synovial mesenchymal stem cells to be collected to cartilage injury, and improves ability of synovial mesenchymal stem cells to proliferate and differentiate into a chondrogenic lineage. Knee joint distraction could reduce inflammatory reaction and cartilage injury of knee joint by reducing content of inflammatory factors and inhibiting expression of inflammatory genes. At present, it is known that the factors affect repair of cartilage by knee joint distraction include, increasing weight-bearing activity and height and time of distraction is helpful for cartilage repair, male patients and patients with higher severity of knee osteoarthritis have better cartilage repair effect after knee joint distraction.The better efficacy of cartilage repair on the first year after knee joint distraction predicts a higher long-term survival rate of knee joint distraction with knee preservation. However, the research on the above hot spots is only at the initial stage and further exploration is still needed, in order to better guide clinical application of knee joint distraction.
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Humans , Male , Osteoarthritis, Knee , External Fixators , Knee Joint/surgery , Osteogenesis, Distraction/methods , Cartilage , Cartilage, Articular/surgeryABSTRACT
The purpose was to discuss the infection status of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV-3) in children with acute respiratory tract infection(ARTI) in Qingdao, Shandong province, and to analyze the gene characteristics of HPIV-3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein (HN). This study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 1 674 throat swab samples were collected randomly from children with ARTI, in the three hospitals (Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, West Coast Branch of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Laoshan Branch of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University) from January 2018 to December 2019. Multiplex real-time fluorescence RT-PCR was performed to screen HPIV-3 positive specimens. For HPIV-3 positive specimens, nested PCR was used to amplify the full-length HN gene of HPIV-3. The HN gene was sequenced and compared with the representative strains of HPIV-3 in GenBank, and the phylogenetic tree was established. As results, this study collected 1 674 samples, in which there were 90 HPIV-3 positive samples showed and the detection rate was 5.37%. Among positive specimens, the number of samples from children under 6 years old was 88, accounting for 97.78%. HPIV-3 positive cases were mainly distributed in spring and summer. The full-length sequences of 44 HPIV-3 HN genes were obtained by nested PCR method. Sequence alignment and evolutionary analysis showed that the HPIV-3HN gene belonged to the C3a and C3b branches of C3 genotype, with 30 strains of subtype C3a and 14 strains of subtype C3b. The nucleotide and amino acid homology of the amplified 44 strains of the HPIV-3 HN gene in Qingdao were 97.0%-100.0% and 98.5%-100.0%, respectively. In conclusion, from 2018 to 2019, the C3a and C3b branches of HPIV-3 C3 genotype were circulating prevalent in Qingdao, Shandong province. HN gene variation rate was low, but showed certain regional characteristics in evolution.
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Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hemagglutinins , Neuraminidase , Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human/genetics , Phylogeny , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Viral ProteinsABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the impact of nutrition supplementation (whey protein, fish oil and vitamin D) and physical exercise (resistance and aerobic exercise) on muscle mass and body fat metrics among community elderly with sarcopenia.Method:102 eligible sarcopenic participants per inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomized into the control group (routine consultation, n=34) or the groups receiving nutrition supplementation (Nutr, n=34) or nutrition supplementation combined with exercise (Nutr+Ex, n=34) for 12 weeks. Muscle and body fat related indicators were compared across groups pre- and post-intervention. Results:Analysis of covariance showed that all indicators were significantly different between groups (all P<0.05). Further pairwise comparisons showed that compared with controls, patients in Nutr group showed increased appendicular muscle mass (ASM) by 0.837 kg ( P=0.003, 95% CI: 0.301 to 1.372) and decreased fat mass by 2.876 kg ( P<0.01, 95% CI: -3.941 to -1.812), while patients in Nutr+Ex group showed increased ASM by 0.745 kg ( P=0.010, 95% CI: 0.180 to 1.311) and decreased fat mass by 2.928kg ( P<0.01, 95% CI: -4.408 to -1.808). Other muscle-related indicators also increased while fat-related indicators decreased in both Nutr and Nutr+Ex groups. However, there is no significant difference between Nutr and Nutr+Ex groups. Conclusions:Nutrition supplementation and physical exercise contribute to muscle mass and body fat improvement among sarcopenic elderly. Lifestyle intervention based on nutrition intervention is important for the community elderly with sarcopenia.
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@#AIM:To investigate the dynamic expression characteristics of interleukin-10(IL-10)after implantation of glaucoma drainage material, and to reveal the role of IL-10 on scarring formation.METHODS:Totally 75 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, which were implanted with different types of material-Polymethyl methacrylate coated Parylene C(PMMA group), silicone together with injection of Mitomycin C(MMC)(silicon-MMC group)and silicone(silicone group). Aqueous humor were collected at 1, 3d, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8wk after operation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)were utilized to detect the expression of IL-10 in the aqueous humor. The connective tissue surrounding the material were collected at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8wk postoperatively. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was applied to evaluate the proliferation of fibroblasts and the infiltration of inflammatory cells. The protein expression and mRNA of IL-10 in the connective tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR.RESULTS:Compared with PMMA and silicon-MMC group, silicone group showed significantly increased proliferation of fibroblasts and infiltration of inflammatory cells according to the HE staining result. The result of ELISA showed the expression of IL-10 in the aqueous humor increased significantly at the early stage after surgery, and then decreased gradually,the highest appeared on the third day after operation,and in silicone group there was higher than the other two groups in the early stage postoperatively(1d-3wk)(all <i>P</i><0.05), and there was no significant difference in the late stages(4-8wk). The protein expression and mRNA of IL-10 in connective tissue were the highest in the first week after operation, decreased gradually at 2-3wk after operation, and increased again at 4-8wk after operation by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. And the expression was higher in silicone group than in the other two groups at each time point(all <i>P</i><0.05). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between the expression of IL-10 protein and the proliferation of fibroblasts in the late stages(4-8wk).CONCLUSION: After implantation of glaucoma drainage material, the process of IL-10 increased first, then decreased gradually, and increased again 4wk later, thus IL-10 may be a potential target for inhibiting the scar formation.
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Dof(DNA binding with one finger), a unique class of transcription factors in plants, play an important role in seed development, tissue differentiation, and metabolic regulation. To identify the number and function of Dof gene family members in Panax ginseng, this study identified the members of Dof gene family in P. ginseng and systematically analyzed their structures, evolution, functional differentiation, expression patterns, and interactions using bioinformatics methods at the transcriptome level. At the same time, the association analysis of Dof genes from P. ginseng with key enzyme genes for ginsenoside synthesis was carried out to screen the candidate PgDof genes involved in the regulation of ginsenoside biosynthesis. The results showed that there were 54 genes belonging to the Dof gene family in P. ginseng from Jilin. All PgDof genes had Zf-Dof conserved motifs, implying that they were evolutionarily conserved and could be divided into five groups. Expression pattern analysis confirmed that the expression of PgDof gene family members in different tissues, different year-old P. ginseng, and different farm varieties varied significantly. Simultaneously, as revealed by "gene-saponin content" and "gene-gene" linkage analysis, an important candidate PgDof14-1 gene involved in the regulation of ginsenoside biosynthesis was obtained. From the established genetic transformation system of this gene in the hairy roots of P. ginseng, a positive hairy root clone was determined. This study has laid a theoretical foundation for the study of Dof gene family in P. ginseng.
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Gene Expression Profiling/methods , Gene Expression Regulation, Plant , Ginsenosides , Panax , Plant Proteins/metabolism , Plant Roots/metabolism , TranscriptomeABSTRACT
Background@#The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of liquefied digestive medicines on the composite resin surface. @*Methods@#Three types of liquefied digestive medicines (Gashwalmyeongsu, Wicheongsu, and Saengrokcheon) were selected as experimental groups, Samdasoo and Chamisul as negative controls, and Trevi as positive controls were selected to measure pH and titratable acidity. The samples filled with resin at acrylic were made total 300, 50 per group. To evaluate the erosion risk of the composite resin, the specimens were immersed in a liquefied medicine for 1, 3, 5, 15, and 30 minutes, and then the surface microhardness was measured using the Vickers Hardness Number, and the surface change was observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM). @*Results@#The average pH of the three liquefied medicine was 3.75±0.30, the Saengrokcheon was the lowest at 3.45±0.01, and the Trevi was 4.66 and Samdasoo and Chamisul were 7.40 and 8.58, respectively. The amount of NaOH reaching pH 5.5 and 7.0 was the lowest in the order of Trevi, Gashwalmyeongsu, Wicheongsu, and Saengrokcheon. The largest surface hardness reduction value was shown in Gashwalmyeongsu (−11.85±3.73), followed by Saengrokcheon (−9.79±3.11) and Wicheongsu (−8.28±2.83), and Samdasoo (−0.84±1.56) and Chamisul (−6.24±0.42) had relatively low surface hardness reduction values. However, Trevi (−16.67±5.41), a positive control group containing carbonic acid, showed a higher decrease in surface hardness than the experimental group. As a result of observation with SEM, experimental group and positive control group, showed rough surfaces and irregular cracks, and negative control groups showed smooth patterns similar to before immersion. @*Conclusion@#The liquefied digestive medicine with low pH could weaken the composite resin surface, and the carbonic acid component could more effect on the physical properties of the composite resin than pH.
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Objective:To explore the effect of the nutritional status on the clinical outcome and adverse effects of patients with concurrent radiochemotherapy for cervical cancer and analyze the cost-effectiveness of this treatment.Method:This study is a prospective, observational cohort study continuously enrolling patients with cervical cancer who received concurrent radiochemotherapy from 2018-05-01 to 2018-09-01 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. According to the criteria, patients were divided into two groups: nutritional disorders and normal nutrition groups. There were 81 and 94 cases of abnormal and normal nutrition, respectively. Blood tests, liver function tests, treatment costs for adverse effects, and nutritional support were employed. We observed the incidence of vomiting, diarrhea, bone marrow suppression, infection, and other responses in the two groups, followed by clinical outcomes and the cost-effectiveness analysis.Results:Compared with the normal nutrition group, the infection rate (27.2% vs 14.9%, χ 2=4.007, P=0.045), the incidence of bone marrow suppression (86.4% vs 69.1%, χ 2=7.36, P= 0.007), the cost of bone marrow suppression treatment [324.0 (164.2-648.0) vs 587.8 (243.6-1 728.0), z=2.698, P=0.007), and the treatment cost [71.4 (45.2-123.7) vs 85.1 (57.0-198.9), z=1.994, P=0.030) significantly increased in the nutritional disorder group. There were more patients with poor clinical outcomes in the nutritional disorder group than in the normal group (29.6% vs 8.5%, χ 2= 12.987, P<0.001). Only 7.2% of the patients had visited a nutrition clinic, and the rate of nutrition intervention was extremely low. Conclusion:In patients with cervical cancer undergoing concurrent radiochemotherapy, there is a higher incidence of adverse effects, such as infection and bone marrow suppression, as well as higher treatment costs and worse clinical outcomes.
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Objective:To explore the effect of nurse-led multi-disciplinary team management on postoperative gastrointestinal function and nutritional status in elderly colon cancer inpatients.Methods:A total of 75 elderly inpatients after colon cancer operation who met eligibility criteria and signed informed consent form were randomized into study (n=37) or control group (n=38), receiving nurse-led multi-disciplinary team management or routine nursing for 6 months, respectively. The gastrointestinal function, days of postoperative hospital stay, body weight, body composition and dietary intake were compared between the two groups.Result:Compared to the control group, time to defecation (t=14.79, P<0.01), time to initiation of liquid diet intake (t=6.80, P<0.01), time to initiation of semi-liquid diet intake (t=10.78, P<0.01) and days of postoperative hospital stay (t=8.76, P<0.01) in the study group were significantly shortened; and body weight [(59.44±6.12)kg vs. (62.54±6.41)kg, P=0.004], BMI [(19.02±4.13)kg/m 2 vs. (19.98±3.98)kg/m 2, P=0.025], body fat percentage [(20.03±3.55)% vs. (21.34±3.68)%, P<0.01], lean body mass [(19.63±3.44)kg vs. (21.45±3.16)kg, P<0.01], grip strength [(21.65 ± 3.56) kg vs. (22.48 ± 3.81) kg, P=0.011], attainment rate of 75% target energy intake (65.8% vs. 86.5%, P=0.036) and attainment rate of 75% target protein intake (57.9% vs. 83.8%, P=0.014) were significantly improved in study group 6 months after operation. Conclusion:The nurse-led multi-disciplinary team management can effectively improve the postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function and the long-term nutritional status in elderly patients with colon cancer.
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Objective:To describe and compare the perioperative changes of body weight, skeletal muscle and fat mass in patients with benign and malignant gastrointestinal tumors.Methods:All adult patients admitted to the surgery department of a referral hospital in Beijing with voluntary consent were included in the study. For all participants, preoperative medical history were collected and body composition measurements were performed 1-2 days prior to the surgery and 3-6 days after the surgery. Pathological results and tumor diagnosis were recorded.Results:A total of 80 participants completed the study. There was no significant difference in weight and body composition between patients with benign and malignant tumors before operation, but patients experiencing a weight loss of more than 5% in the past 6 months were dramatically more in malignant tumor group compared with benign tumor group (9.1% vs. 42.0%, P=0.024). With the parenteral and enteral nutrition support, there was no significant difference in the changes of weight, muscle, or fat mass between benign and malignant tumor patients in different stages (all P>.05). Patients with malignant tumors were divided into severe weight loss group and observational group with the percentage weight loss cut-off of 5%. Analysis showed that patients in the severe weight loss group had significantly decreased weight [(-4.3±1.6)kg vs. (-1.9±1.1)kg, P<0.01], BMI[(-1.3±0.9)kg/m 2vs. (-0.7±0.4)kg/m 2, P<0.01], muscle[(-1.2±2.0)kg vs. (-0.4±1.2)kg, P=0.046] and fat mass [(-2.6±2.0)kg vs. (-1.1±0.9)kg, P=0.018] compared with observational group, while visceral [(-0.5±0.6)kg vs. (-0.2±0.7)kg, P=0.107] and subcutaneous fat [(-2.2±1.9)kg vs. (-1.4±1.8)kg, P=0.235] of two groups had no significant difference. Univariate analysis revealed age as the only influencing factor for perioperative weight loss ( P=0.036). Fat loss was predominant in the overall weight loss compared with muscle loss ( P=0.026) among patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors. Conclusion:With parenteral and enteral nutrition support, there is no significant difference in perioperative changes of weight, muscle or fat mass among patients with benign and malignant tumors. Muscle and fat loss both have contributed to the overall weight loss, which is noteworthy.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effects of nurse-led interRAI-based multidisciplinary team management on body composition and metabolic parameters among elderly patients with metabolic syndrome.Methods:100 elderly patients aged 60-74 with the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome were randomized into control group ( n=50) and study group ( n=50). The control group was followed up after routine physical examination. Based on interRAI assessment, the study group received nurse-led individualized intervention which integrated management regarding geriatric internal medicine, clinical nutrition, psychology and physical rehabilitation. This 12-week study measured body composition indexes body protein, body fat mass (BFM), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and biochemical indexes [triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)] on the first day and 12 weeks after enrollment and compared those parameters between the two groups. Results:After 12 weeks of intervention, compared with the control group, the study group showed significantly increased body protein [(10.48±2.02) kg vs (9.72±1.65) kg, P=0.043], SMM [(29.61±6.07) kg vs (27.36±4.96) kg, P=0.046], BFM [(17.86±3.42) kg vs (19.64±5.07)kg, P=0.042], WHR (0.88±0.05 vs 0.89±0.03, P=0.021) and TG [(2.31±0.42) mmol/L vs (2.95±0.52) mmol/L, P=0.014]. There was no significant difference in BMI [(25.06±3.41) kg/m 2vs (24.40±2.48) kg/m 2, P=0.272], HDL-C [(0.94±0.10) mmol/L vs (0.91±0.31) mmol/L, P=0.246] and HbA1c [(6.11±0.51)% vs (6.37±0.42)%, P=0.185]. After 12 weeks of intervention, body fat [(17.86±3.42) kg vs (20.71±5.98) kg, P=0.004], WHR (0.88±0.05 vs 0.91±0.05, P=0.001), TG [(2.30±0.42)mmol/L vs (2.75±0.37) mmol/L, P=0.032] and HbA1c [(6.11±0.51) mmol/L vs (6.35±0.63) mmol/L, P=0.015] in the study group were significantly lower compared with baseline and there was no difference in those parameters at baseline and 12 weeks after enrollment in the control group. Conclusion:The nurse-led multidisciplinary management model based on interRAI assessment can effectively improve the body composition and certain metabolic indexes of the elderly with metabolic syndrome.